The Eukaryotic Linear Motif resource for
Functional Sites in Proteins
Accession:
Functional site class:
Casein kinase 2 (CK2) Phosphorylation site
Functional site description:
Casein kinase 2 (CK2) is a highly conserved ubiquitously expressed serine and threonine kinase present in all eukaryotes. In most of the organisms, it exists as a heterotetramer composed of two catalytic α- or α′-subunits and two non-catalytic β-subunits. Substrates can be phosphorylated by the catalytic subunits alone or by the holoenzyme. CK2 is known to phosphorylate a plethora of substrates found in various cellular compartments that shows its importance in many cellular processes including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, transcriptional regulation, protein transport, metabolism, virus infection, cell morphology, and signal transduction. Deregulation of CK2 function is associated with human pathologies such as various types of cancer, viral infection and neurodegenerative diseases. CK2 prefers acidic amino acids surrounding the phosphoacceptor residue, especially at the +3 position.
ELM Description:
The main determinant of Casein kinase 2 (CK2) phosphorylation specificity is a negative charge 3 positions after the modification residue.
Pattern: ...([ST])..E
Pattern Probability: 0.0145681
Present in taxons: Drosophila melanogaster Eukaryota Saccharomyces cerevisiae Vertebrata Zea mays
Interaction Domain:
Pkinase (PF00069) Protein kinase domain (Stochiometry: 1 : 1)
o See 34 Instances for MOD_CK2_1
o Abstract
The casein kinases (CK) belong to the serine/threonine kinases and are subdivided further into either casein kinase 1 (CK1) or casein kinase 2 (CK2) families due to their high homology in their catalytic domains. CK2 is the most pleiotropic serine/threonine kinase constitutively active in all eukaryotic tissues and resides in various cellular compartments but particularly the nucleus and the cytosol. The CK2 holoenzyme is a tetrameric complex comprising two regulatory β-subunits and two catalytic subunits (Niefind,2001). The regulatory subunits mediate interactions between the catalytic subunits and many of its substrates. In cells, the subunits can exist individually or as the holoenzyme. The CK2 kinase is constitutively active and its basal catalytic activity is not influenced by any external stimuli.
Studies have shown that CK2 phosphorylates hundreds of substrates in various cellular compartments and many of its substrates are signaling proteins, including membrane receptors, adaptors, protein kinases, phosphatases, transcription factors, modulators of DNA and RNA structure, and proteins involved in RNA and protein biosynthesis, etc. (Meggio,2003). Although CK2 is present in all cell types, it is highly expressed in cancer cells and counteracts apoptosis, which makes it a valuable target in anticancer therapies (Ahmad,2008). Most of the CK2 phosphorylation sites have acidic amino acids surrounding the phosphoacceptor residue, especially at the +3 position.
o 3 selected references:

o 8 GO-Terms:

o 34 Instances for MOD_CK2_1
(click table headers for sorting; Notes column: =Number of Switches, =Number of Interactions)
Acc., Gene-, NameStartEndSubsequenceLogic#Ev.OrganismNotes
O75822 EIF3J
EIF3J_HUMAN
124 130 LRLKKLQEESDLELAKETFG TP 6 Homo sapiens (Human)
1 
P35922 Fmr1
FMR1_MOUSE
496 502 GTNSEASNASETESDHRDEL TP 4 Mus musculus (House mouse)
1 
P25686 DNAJB2
DNJB2_HUMAN
247 253 ASCPLDSDLSEDEDLQLAMA TP 5 Homo sapiens (Human)
1 
Q13516 OLIG2
OLIG2_HUMAN
10 16 DASLVSSRPSSPEPDDLFLP TP 3 Homo sapiens (Human)
P52946 Pdx1
PDX1_MOUSE
229 235 EPEQDCAVTSGEELLAVPPL TP 5 Mus musculus (House mouse)
Q8C3Q9 Casp9
CASP9_MOUSE
345 351 TSSQGRTLDSDSEPDAVPYQ TP 4 Mus musculus (House mouse)
1 
Q62881 Nol3
NOL3_RAT
146 152 EDSEAVQPRTPEEPELEAEA TP 7 Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
1 
Q96FW1 OTUB1
OTUB1_HUMAN
13 19 QQQKQEPLGSDSEGVNCLAY TP 5 Homo sapiens (Human)
1 
O60341 KDM1A
KDM1A_HUMAN
128 134 EMDESLANLSEDEYYSEEER TP 8 Homo sapiens (Human)
1 
O60341 KDM1A
KDM1A_HUMAN
134 140 ANLSEDEYYSEEERNAKAEK TP 8 Homo sapiens (Human)
1 
P08238 HSP90AB1
HS90B_HUMAN
223 229 LEKEREKEISDDEAEEEKGE TP 4 Homo sapiens (Human)
1 
P08238 HSP90AB1
HS90B_HUMAN
252 258 EKPKIEDVGSDEEDDSGKDK TP 4 Homo sapiens (Human)
1 
P05549 TFAP2A
AP2A_HUMAN
426 432 PNSHTDNNAKSSDKEEKHRK TP 8 Homo sapiens (Human)
1 
P67999-2 Rps6kb1
KS6B1_RAT
14 20 DLDQPEDAGSEDELEEGGQL TP 5 Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
1 
P31749 AKT1
AKT1_HUMAN
126 132 FRSGSPSDNSGAEEMEVSLA TP 5 Homo sapiens (Human)
1 
Q9ULV4 CORO1C
COR1C_HUMAN
460 466 TICNQDERISKLEQQMAKIA TP 5 Homo sapiens (Human)
1 
Q99801 NKX3-1
NKX31_HUMAN
86 92 PRAAPEEAETLAETEPERHL TP 5 Homo sapiens (Human)
1 
Q13158 FADD
FADD_HUMAN
200 206 RSGAMSPMSWNSDASTSEAS U 2 Homo sapiens (Human)
Q18PE0 Dok7
DOK7_MOUSE
263 269 GGDDRSLSSSSSEASHSDIS TP 5 Mus musculus (House mouse)
Q62627 Pawr
PAWR_RAT
121 127 SRGDEEEPDSAPEKGRSSGP TP 4 Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
1 
Q62627 Pawr
PAWR_RAT
220 226 VPGRYKSTISAPEEEILNRY TP 4 Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
1 
Q96IZ0 PAWR
PAWR_HUMAN
228 234 VSGRYKSTTSVSEEDVSSRY TP 4 Homo sapiens (Human)
1 
Q62838 Musk
MUSK_RAT
694 700 VSSPGPPPLSCAEQLCIARQ TP 4 Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
1 
Q9HCU9 BRMS1
BRMS1_HUMAN
27 33 AEMNGEEEESEEERSGSQTE TP 7 Homo sapiens (Human)
1 
P18887 XRCC1
XRCC1_HUMAN
515 521 ENGEDPYAGSTDENTDSEEH TP 3 Homo sapiens (Human)
P18887 XRCC1
XRCC1_HUMAN
520 526 PYAGSTDENTDSEEHQEPPD TP 4 Homo sapiens (Human)
P60484 PTEN
PTEN_HUMAN
382 388 HYRYSDTTDSDPENEPFDED TP 2 Homo sapiens (Human)
P05923 vpu
VPU_HV1BR
53 59 ERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEM TP 1 Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (BRU ISOLATE)
P05923 vpu
VPU_HV1BR
49 55 DRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISA TP 1 Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (BRU ISOLATE)
P35570 Irs1
IRS1_RAT
96 102 DEHFAIAADSEAEQDSWYQA TP 2 Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
P35570 Irs1
IRS1_RAT
499 505 ATMGTSPALTGDEAAGAADL TP 3 Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
P35568 IRS1
IRS1_HUMAN
96 102 DEHFAIAADSEAEQDSWYQA U 0 Homo sapiens (Human)
P35568 IRS1
IRS1_HUMAN
85 91 KNKHLVALYTRDEHFAIAAD U 0 Homo sapiens (Human)
P35568 IRS1
IRS1_HUMAN
327 333 PGSFRVRASSDGEGTMSRPA U 0 Homo sapiens (Human)
Please cite: The Eukaryotic Linear Motif resource: 2022 release. (PMID:34718738)

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