The Eukaryotic Linear Motif resource for
Functional Sites in Proteins
Accession:
Functional site class:
AP-2 beta2 appendage CCV component motifs
Functional site description:
Several motifs are responsible for the binding of accessory endocytic proteins to the beta2-subunit appendage of the adaptor protein complex AP-2 as part of their recruitment to the site of clathrin coated vesicle (CCV) formation. Proteins binding the platform subdomain have been found to be cargo family specific (for example can load all GPCRs, or all LDL receptor family members) clathrin adaptors. Accessory proteins which help in CCV formation bind the sandwich subdomain site or the alpha ear domain.
ELM Description:
Motif binding as a helix in a depression on the top surface of the AP-2 beta appendage platform subdomain. The pattern [ED]x(1,2)Fxx[FL]xxxR is conserved in beta Arrestins, ARH and Epsin-1, -2 of vertebrates. It is also found in homologues of other metazoans, but the pattern is sometimes not matched exactly, meaning that the ELM regular expression will not provide a match. In other lineages, if there is an equivalent motif, the pattern is likely to have diverged.
Pattern: [DE].{1,2}F[^P][^P][FL][^P][^P][^P]R
Pattern Probability: 0.0000182
Present in taxon: Metazoa
Interaction Domain:
B2-adapt-app_C (PF09066) Beta2-adaptin appendage, C-terminal sub-domain (Stochiometry: 1 : 1)
PDB Structure: 2IV8
o See 4 Instances for TRG_AP2beta_CARGO_1
o Abstract
At least two different surfaces of the AP-2 beta2 appendage domain can bind linear motifs in other endocytic regulatory proteins. The platform subdomain or top surface binds a helical [ED]x(1,2)Fxx[FL]xxxR motif found in Epsin-1 and -2 which bind ubiquitinated growth factor receptors, the beta-arrestins which bind GPCRs and ARH which binds LDL receptor family members. All of these function as cargo-selective clathrin adaptors, targeting surface receptors for internalization by clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
In beta-arrestin, the cargo motif is regulated by a remarkable structural rearrangement. The motif maintains the endocytosis-incompetent state by binding back on the folded core of the protein in a beta strand conformation. Apparently triggered via a beta-arrestin/GPCR interaction, the motif must be displaced and must undergo a strand to helix transition to enable the beta2 appendage binding step that drives GPCR-beta-arrestin complexes into clathrin coats.
The sandwich subdomain or side surface site binds an FxxxFxDF motif found in EPS15 and AP180 and may also accept other endocytosis proteins with variant motifs, as suggested by mutagenesis of the binding surface. The sandwich domain binders are accessory endocytic proteins (without a direct role in cargo binding) which help in CCV formation. Currently, there is no entry for the sandwich domain motif in ELM.
o 4 selected references:

o 7 GO-Terms:

o 4 Instances for TRG_AP2beta_CARGO_1
(click table headers for sorting; Notes column: =Number of Switches, =Number of Interactions)
Acc., Gene-, NameStartEndSubsequenceLogic#Ev.OrganismNotes
Q9Y6I3 EPN1
EPN1_HUMAN
402 411 FDTEPDEFSDFDRLRTALPT TP 5 Homo sapiens (Human)
O95208 EPN2
EPN2_HUMAN
456 465 NGTIKDDFSEFDNLRTSKKT TP 0 Homo sapiens (Human)
Q5SW96 LDLRAP1
ARH_HUMAN
256 266 DDGLDEAFSRLAQSRTNPQV TP 2 Homo sapiens (Human)
P49407 ARRB1
ARRB1_HUMAN
385 395 TNDDDIVFEDFARQRLKGMK TP 6 Homo sapiens (Human)
1 
Please cite: The Eukaryotic Linear Motif resource: 2022 release. (PMID:34718738)

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