ELM - Detail for LIG_EABR_CEP55

Accession:	ELME000338
Functional site class:	Cep55 EABR-binding motif
Functional site description:	The Cep55-binding motif mediates binding of proteins to the EABR domain of Cep55 and thereby recruits these proteins to the midbody, where they are involved in somatic cell abscission or formation of intercellular bridges between differentiating germ cells.
ELM Description:	The LIG_EABR_CEP55_1 motif binds to the Cep55 EABR domains, which form a non-canonical dimeric parallel coiled-coil. One Cep55 dimer binds a single copy of the motif (3E1R). In the central coiled-coil regions, non-canonical interactions between the two coils cause them to be pushed apart and the structure to become asymmetric, which results in the formation of the motif-binding site. The two motif regions that were found to be essential for binding are the GPP sequence at position 4 to 6 and the tyrosine residue in position 10. The GPP sequence makes extensive contacts with different residues of Cep55, including Trp184 and Tyr187, whose mutation disrupts binding of the Alix peptide. The Pro in position 5 makes the most extensive contacts of the three residues in the GPP sequence. The Alix GPP to AAA triple mutant peptide does not bind, while individual mutations show that Gly in position 4 (3-fold reduction), Pro in position 5 (60-fold reduction) and Pro in position 6 (17-fold reduction) make different but significant contributions to the interaction (Lee,2008). Similar results were obtained for Tex14 (Iwamori,2010). Also for Tsg101, mutation of both prolines abolishes binding (Morita,2007). In addition, there is a conserved Ala in position 2. A triple ATG (position 2 to 4 of the motif) to GAA mutant of Tsg101 fails to bind Cep55, indicating that this Ala is also important (Morita,2007). Mutation of the second major interaction site in the motif, the conserved Tyr residue in position 10, also abolishes binding of Alix (Lee,2008) and Tex14 (Iwamori,2010) and reduces binding of Tsg101 (Morita,2007), indicating its importance for binding specificity. Downstream of this Tyr there is a preference for hydrophobic and proline residues, but whether they are important for this motif or belong to overlapping motifs is not known.
Pattern:	`.A.GPP.{2,3}Y.`
Pattern Probability:	`0.0000014`
Present in taxon:	Metazoa
Interaction Domain:	EABR (PF12180) TSG101 and ALIX binding domain of CEP55 (Stochiometry: 2 : 1) PDB Structure: 3E1R

Cep55 EABR-binding motif

The Cep55-binding motif mediates binding of proteins to the EABR domain of Cep55 and thereby recruits these proteins to the midbody, where they are involved in somatic cell abscission or formation of intercellular bridges between differentiating germ cells.

ELM Description:

The LIG_EABR_CEP55_1 motif binds to the Cep55 EABR domains, which form a non-canonical dimeric parallel coiled-coil. One Cep55 dimer binds a single copy of the motif (3E1R). In the central coiled-coil regions, non-canonical interactions between the two coils cause them to be pushed apart and the structure to become asymmetric, which results in the formation of the motif-binding site. The two motif regions that were found to be essential for binding are the GPP sequence at position 4 to 6 and the tyrosine residue in position 10. The GPP sequence makes extensive contacts with different residues of Cep55, including Trp184 and Tyr187, whose mutation disrupts binding of the Alix peptide. The Pro in position 5 makes the most extensive contacts of the three residues in the GPP sequence. The Alix GPP to AAA triple mutant peptide does not bind, while individual mutations show that Gly in position 4 (3-fold reduction), Pro in position 5 (60-fold reduction) and Pro in position 6 (17-fold reduction) make different but significant contributions to the interaction (Lee,2008). Similar results were obtained for Tex14 (Iwamori,2010). Also for Tsg101, mutation of both prolines abolishes binding (Morita,2007). In addition, there is a conserved Ala in position 2. A triple ATG (position 2 to 4 of the motif) to GAA mutant of Tsg101 fails to bind Cep55, indicating that this Ala is also important (Morita,2007). Mutation of the second major interaction site in the motif, the conserved Tyr residue in position 10, also abolishes binding of Alix (Lee,2008) and Tex14 (Iwamori,2010) and reduces binding of Tsg101 (Morita,2007), indicating its importance for binding specificity. Downstream of this Tyr there is a preference for hydrophobic and proline residues, but whether they are important for this motif or belong to overlapping motifs is not known.

.A.GPP.{2,3}Y.

0.0000014

Metazoa

EABR (PF12180) TSG101 and ALIX binding domain of CEP55 (Stochiometry: 2 : 1)

PDB Structure: 3E1R

The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) pathway plays an important role in different cellular processes that depend on membrane fission, including release of viral particles, formation of late endosomal multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and abscission of daughter cells upon completion of cytokinesis (McCullough,2013). The ESCRT machinery consists of five distinct multisubunit complexes: ESCRT-0, -I, -II, -III, and the vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4 (Vps4) complexes. Each of these has a specific function in mediating membrane scission, and this modularity allows recruitment of the ESCRT machinery to different cellular locations and its integration in different cellular processes by means of different adaptor proteins. While the early acting ESCRT-0, -I and -II complexes mediate ESCRT assembly and membrane remodeling, the late acting ESCRT-III and Vps4 complexes are responsible for the membrane scission activity and disassembly of the machinery, respectively (Schmidt,2012).
The midbody protein Cep55 (Centrosomal protein of 55kDa) is the adaptor protein that recruits the ESCRT machinery to the midbody region during cytokinesis to enable fission of the plasma membrane between dividing cells. Cep55 homodimers directly interact via their EABR domains (PF12180) with the LIG_EABR_CEP55_1 motifs in PDCD6IP/Alix and the ESCRT-I subunit Tsg101, which in turn recruit components of the ESCRT-III complex and are thus essential for proper cell abscission (Caballe,2011). In contrast to somatic cells, differentiating germ cells do not complete cytokinesis but remain connected through intercellular bridges that are essential for proper gametogenesis and fertility. These stable structures are composed of general cytokinesis-related components and additional germ cell-specific factors like Tex14 (Greenbaum,2011). Tex14 negatively regulates abscission by competitively binding to Cep55 via its LIG_EABR_CEP55_1 motif, thus preventing recruitment of Alix and Tsg101 and subsequent membrane fission (Iwamori,2010).

Biological Process:
Cell Cycle (also annotated in these classes: )
Cell Division (also annotated in these classes: )
Cytokinesis (also annotated in these classes: MOD_Plk_1 )
Cellular Compartment:
Midbody (also annotated in these classes: )
Cytosol (also annotated in these classes: )
Intercellular Bridge (also annotated in class: )
Cytoskeleton (also annotated in these classes: )
Molecular Function:
Protein Binding (also annotated in these classes: )

Acc., Gene-, Name	Start	End	Subsequence	Logic	#Ev.	Organism	Notes
Q99816 TSG101 TS101_HUMAN	154	164	YPPYQATGPPNTSYMPGMPG	TP	9	Homo sapiens (Human)	1
Q61187 Tsg101 TS101_MOUSE	155	165	YPPYTATGPPNTSYMPGMPS	TP	2	Mus musculus (House mouse)	1 1
Q8WUM4 PDCD6IP PDC6I_HUMAN	797	807	APPPQAQGPPYPTYPGYPGY	TP	15	Homo sapiens (Human)	3E1R 3E1R 1
Q9WU78 Pdcd6ip PDC6I_MOUSE	798	808	APPPQAQGPPYPTYPGYPGY	TP	2	Mus musculus (House mouse)	1 1
Q8IWB6 TEX14 TEX14_HUMAN	792	802	YKLPLAVGPPSLNYIPPVLQ	TP	4	Homo sapiens (Human)	1
Q7M6U3 Tex14 TEX14_MOUSE	788	798	AKFQPAVGPPSLAYLPPVMQ	TP	5	Mus musculus (House mouse)	1 2

Acc., Gene-, Name

Start

End

Subsequence

Logic

#Ev.

Organism

Notes

Q99816 TSG101
TS101_HUMAN

154

164

YPPYQATGPPNTSYMPGMPG