The Eukaryotic Linear Motif resource for
Functional Sites in Proteins
Accession:
Functional site class:
IAP-binding motif (IBM)
Functional site description:
The IBM specifically binds to the conserved BIR (baculoviral IAP repeat) domain that is found in Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs). The motif is located at the N-terminal regions of caspases and pro-apoptotic IAP-antagonising proteins. In non-apoptotic cells, caspase activity is suppressed by the binding of IAPs to activated caspases. Upon apoptotic stimuli, pro-apoptotic IAP-antagonising proteins compete with the caspases for binding to the IAP or mediate their proteolytic degradation which leads to apoptosis promotion.
ELMs with same func. site: LIG_BIR_II_1  LIG_BIR_III_1  LIG_BIR_III_2  LIG_BIR_III_3  LIG_BIR_III_4 
ELM Description:
Similar to the human motifs, semi-conserved Glu/Gln and Trp residues are often found in the IBM binding groove of drosophila Type III BIR domains. Drosophila Type III BIR domains bind neo N-terminal motifs that are found in caspases. Due to caspase cleavage specificity the motif is predominantly found C-terminal of aspartate residues. IBMs selective for these BIR domains contain a conserved alanine residue in the first position followed by a variable position, a glycine in the third position and a variable last position (DA.G.).
Pattern: DA.G.
Pattern Probability: 0.0002754
Present in taxons: Arthropoda Drosophila melanogaster
Interaction Domain:
BIR (PF00653) Inhibitor of Apoptosis domain (Stochiometry: 1 : 1)
o See 2 Instances for LIG_BIR_III_4
o Abstract
In multicellular organisms apoptosis has to be strictly regulated to maintain the equilibrium between cell proliferation and cell death. Dysregulation of apoptosis is linked to several diseases, especially cancer (Meier,2007). Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs) are involved in apoptosis regulation but also exhibit several other functions in immunity, signal transduction via TNF-receptors, mitosis regulation etc. The first IAP was identified in the genome of Cydia pomonella granulosis virus, a baculovirus, where it blocks apoptotic mechanisms of the infected host cell to facilitate viral replication (Crook,1993). As a common structural element, IAPs possess one to three baculoviral IAP repeat domains (BIR domains, PF00653). These domains (built up by ~70 residues) are organised in 4 to 5 alpha-helices and a three-stranded zinc coordinated beta-sheet. To date there are eight known IAPs in humans: BIRC1 (NAIP), BIRC2 (c-IAP1), BIRC3 (c-IAP2), BIRC4 (XIAP), BIRC5 (survivin), BIRC6 (apollon), BIRC7 (ML-IAP), BIRC8 (ILP-2). BIRC 1-4 contain three BIR domains whereas in BIRC 5-8 only one BIR domain is found (Dubrez-Daloz,2008). According to conserved residues in their sequences the different kinds of BIR domains may be classified into type I, II and III domains. (Eckelman,2008).
By direct suppression of initiator and effector caspases, apoptosis inhibition is mainly mediated by XIAP (BIRC4) (LaCasse,2008). Upon apoptotic stimuli, IAP-antagonising proteins such as SMAC (Second Mitochondria-derived Activator of Caspases) and HtrA2 liberate caspases from the inhibitory proteins by competitive binding, proteolytic degradation or ubiquitinylation and thereby promote apoptotic processes within the cell. As IAPs are often overexpressed in various human cancers and an elevated IAP expression is linked to poor prognosis, IAP inhibitors have been developed to target IAPs in cancer therapy. Peptides and small molecules based on the aminoterminal structure of SMAC have been shown to effectively promote apoptosis in human cancer cell lines as well as animal models (Zobel,2006; Vucic,2007).
o 6 selected references:

o 8 GO-Terms:

o 2 Instances for LIG_BIR_III_4
(click table headers for sorting; Notes column: =Number of Switches, =Number of Interactions)
Acc., Gene-, NameStartEndSubsequenceLogic#Ev.OrganismNotes
O02002 Dcp-1
CASP1_DROME
33 37 FIMADNTDAKGCTPESLVVG TP 1 Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly)
1 
O01382 Ice
ICE_DROME
28 32 EQPNDHTDALGSVGSGGAGS TP 1 Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly)
1 
Please cite: The Eukaryotic Linear Motif resource: 2022 release. (PMID:34718738)

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